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1 ἔνθα
Grammatical information: demonstr. and relat. adv., local, but also temporalMeaning: `there, here, where', also `to there, to here' (on the use Hom. see Bolling Lang. 26, 371ff.); ἔνθεν `from there, from where' (Il.). To ἔνθα - ἔνθεν, see Lejeune Les adv. en - θεν 375ff.Derivatives: ἐνθά-δε `to there, here', ἐνθέν-δε `from here' (Il.); also ἔνθινος `from here' (Megar.; cf. Bechtel Dial. 2, 204), ἐνθάδιος ἐντόπιος H. From crossing of ἔνθα and αὑτά (with elision or shortened from *ἐνθᾱυτα) arose Ion. ἐνθαῦτα (cf. τοῖα: τοιαῦτα); with shift of breath after ἔν-θα, ἔν-θεν Att. ἐνταῦ-θα (and ε᾽ντεῦ-θεν) `there, (to) here' (since Ι 601; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 23; Att. inscr. also ἐνθαῦθα, - θοῖ); secondary loss of breath (after ν) in Arg. ἐντάδε, El. ἐνταῦτα. Ion. ἐνθεῦτεν, Att. ἐντεῦθεν `from here, from there' (τ 568) is cross of ἔνθαῦτα and ἔνθεν (Wackernagel IF 14, 370 n. 1 = Kl. Schr. 2, 964 n. 1); diff Schwyzer 628 n. 7: *ἐνθᾱυτα \> *ἐνθηυτα \> *ἐνθευτα: ἐνθεῦτεν. After τοῦτο etc. ἐντοῦθα (Kyme, Oropos).Etymology: No cognates elsewhere. - To ἔν-θεν cf. πό-θεν etc. An old suffix - θα in ἰθαγενής (s. v.); other material (Arm., OldIrish and `there', Lat. inde, OCS kǫdu `from where?'), is doubtful. S. W.-Hofmann s. inde and ēn, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kudá; further Schwyzer 628 w. n. 7, Pok. 284. - One compares * h₁eno-, s. ἔνη.Page in Frisk: 1,516Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔνθα
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2 ἐντεῦθεν
ἐντεῦθεν adv.① (Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; JosAs 24:5; ParJer 7:32; Just., D. 6, 1; Tat. 20, 2; τοὐντεῦθεν Just., D. 4:2) pert. to extension from a source near the speaker, from here (En 22:13; Jos., Bell. 6, 299; 7, 22) Lk 4:9; 13:31; J 7:3; 14:31; 1 Cl 53:2 (Ex 32:7). ἄρατε ταῦτα ἐ. take these things away from here J 2:16. κατάβηθι ἐ. go home from here GJs 4:2. ἐντεῦθεν (for ἔνθεν) ἐκεῖ fr. here to there Mt 17:20 v.l. ἐντεῦθεν καὶ ἐντεῦθεν fr. here and fr. there = on each side (cp. Num 22:24) J 19:18. For this ἐντεῦθεν κ. ἐκεῖθεν Rv 22:2; ἡ βασιλεία ἡ ἐμὴ οὐκ ἔστιν ἐ. my kingdom is not from here=ἐκ. τ. κόσμου τούτου J 18:36.② pert. to the reason for, or source of, someth., fr. this (cp. Thu. 1, 5, 1; 1 Esdr 4:22; Jos., Ant. 4, 225, C. Ap. 2, 182; Just., D. 6, 1 μάθοις δʼ ἂν ἐντεῦθεν) ἐ., ἐκ τῶν ἡδονῶν fr. this, namely your passions Js 4:1.—DELG s.v. ἔνθα. M-M. -
3 βαίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `go' (Il.).Other forms: Only present stem. Other presents: 1. βάσκω, mostly as ipv. βάσκε, - τε (Il.; s. below); 2. βιβάσκω (Il.), mostly causative ; 3. βίβημι (βίβᾱμι), - άω (to ἔβην, s. below) in βιβάς, βιβῶν, βιβᾳ̃ `stride' (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 300); 4. βιβάζω (posthom.) causative; 5. βιβάσθων in μακρὰ β. (Il.), metrical lengthening of βιβάς at verse end (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 327, Shipp Studies 39).Derivatives: 1. βάσις `step, base' (Pi., in comp. Il.) = Skt. gáti- (below). 2. βατήρ, - ῆρος m. `threshold, basis' (Amips., inscr. etc.). 3. - βάτης, - ου m. from comp.: ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐμ-βάτης etc. (Il.), also with nominal first element, e. g. στυλο-βά-της; 4. - βατος from comp.: ἀνα- ( ἀμ-)βατός etc. (Il.); βατός as simplex (rarely) `accessible' (X.); s. Chantr. Form. 302ff. From - βάτης and - βατος abstracta in - σία, ὑπερβασία `transgression' (Il.); denomin. in - εύω and - έω, ἐμβατεύω etc. 5. - βάς, - άδος f. in ἐμβαδές. From here (?) adv. βάδην `step by step'. 6. βάθρον `basis, seat' etc. (Ion.-Att.), βάθρᾱ. 7. βαθμός and βασμός m. `step, basis' etc. (hell.; βαθμίς f. Pi.). Not here βαμβαίνων, q. v. From the root βη-: βῆμα, βᾶμα n. `step' etc. (h. Merc. etc.; = Av. gāman- n. `step') ; further βηλός (βᾱλός) m. `threshold' (Il.), βηλά n. pl. = πέδιλα (Panyas.); s. Chantr. Form. 240. Also - βήτης, - ου m. in ἐμπυριβή-της ( τρίπους) `standing over the fire' (Ψ 702); on διαβή-της s.s.v. `circle etc.' (Ar.) s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 33f.; cf. also ἀμφισβητέω.Etymology: A jot present \< *βάν-ι̯ω \< *βάμ-ι̯ω \< gʷm̥-i̯ō, βά-σκω \< *gʷm̥- from the root * gʷem-. The non-present forms were made from the root βη- (βᾱ-) \< * gʷeh₂-: ἔβην, βήσομαι (factitive ἔβησα, βήσω after ἔστησα, στήσω), βέβηκα (Il.). The present βαίνω is identical with Lat. venio (on `go' and `come' s. Porzig Satzinhalte 330f.); the sḱ-present βάσκε in Skt.. gácchati \< *gʷm̥-ske-ti `he goes'. The full grade in Goth. qiman `come', Skt. á-gam-am `I went' (aor.). Here also ἐβάθη ἐγεννήθη H.? for which one compares Lith. gìmstu `be born', if - stu \< *-sḱō (Leumann IF 58, 120)? - With βάσις cf. Skt. gáti-, Lat. con-ventio, and Germ., e.g. Goth. ga-qumÞs. Also - βατος = Skt. (-) gata-, Lat. - ventus. With βίβημι cf. Skt. jígāti `he goes. The aor. ἔβην agrees exactly with Skt. á-gā-m `he went'; das noun βῆμα agrees with Av. gā-man- n. `step, pace'. - With the roots guem- and guā- cf. * drem- (s. ἔδραμον), drā- (s. ἀποδιδράσκω), with related meaning. Cf. βέβαιος, βέβηλος, βωμός, βαστάζω, βητάρμων.Page in Frisk: 1,209-210Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βαίνω
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4 κανθός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `corner of the eye' (Arist., Nic., Gal.); poet. `eye' (hell.); acc. to H. also `opening in the roof for the smoke, Rauchfang, καπνοδόκη' and `pot, kettle, χυτρόπους' (the last Sicilian).Derivatives: From here the hypostasis ἐγκάνθιος `which is in the κανθός' (Dsc., Gal.) with ἐγκανθίς f. `tumour in the inner angle of the eye' (Cels., Gal.), acc. to Poll. 2, 71 = `inner corner of the eye'; also ἐπικανθίς `id.' (Hippiatr., v. l. in Poll. l. c.). Deriv. κανθώδης `rounded' (Call. Fr. 504 coni. Hemsterhuys; codd. καθν-, κυκν-).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Not well explained. From κανθώδης in Callimachos to conclude to a original meaning `curve\/-ing' is not allowed. - One compares Celtic words, e. g. Welsh cant `iron band, brim', Gall. (Gallo-Rom.) * cantos, and a Panslavic word for `corner, angle (of a farm) etc.', e. g. Russ. kut, all from IE. * kan-tho- from a root IE. kam- in καμάρα, κάμπτω, but this root is not given in Pok. and κάμπτω (s.v.) is Pre-Greek. Thee comparison is not without poblems, first because Gr. - θ- remains unexplained, second because the Slavic words are suspected to come from the west (s. below). From Celtic comes Lat. cantus `iron band (of a wagon wheel)', from where the Romanic words for `brim, corner etc.' (Fr. chant etc.) and Germanic, NHG Kante, which are irrelevan here. - Speculative Belardi Rend. Acc. Lincei 8: 9, 610ff. (also Doxa 3, 209); his material must be sifted. - Cf. Pok. 526f.), W.-Hofmann s. cantus, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. kut. - So there is no IE etymology; and an IE pre-form is impossible (*kh₂n̥dh- would hace given *καθ-). So the word is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 1,777-778Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κανθός
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5 ἠλεός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `distraught, crazed'Other forms: Voc. also ἠλέ (Il.); ἀλεός (- αι- cod.) ὁ μάταιος, ἄφρων. Αἰσχύλος H., ἀλεόφρων παράφρων H. Denomin. verb ἀλεώσσειν μωραίνειν H. Adj.-abstract ἠλοσύνη (Nic., late. Epic.; s. Pfeiffer Philol. 92, 1ff., 8, A. 14), Aeol. ἀλοσύνα (Theoc. 30, 12), prob. metric. for ἠλεο-, ἀλεο-.Derivatives: Beside it ἤλιθα adv. 1. `very much, exceedingly' (Hom., always ἤλιθα πολλή(ν); A. R.; on the development of the meaning Bq 320 n. 2), 2. `in vain, to no purpose' (Call., A. R.); the formation has in the local and temporal adv. in - θα ( ἔνθα, δηθά, μίνυνθα) and in the numer. adv. διχθά a. o. an incomplete parallel. From here ἠλίθιος (Dor. ἀλ-) `idle, vain, foolish' (Pi., IA; hελιθιον adv. IG 12, 975 [VIa]) with ἠλιθι-ώδης (Philostr.), - ότης (Att.), - όω (A.), - άζω (Ar.). - Here prob. also ἠλέματος (Aeol. Dor. ἀλ-) `idle, foolish' (Sapph., Alk., Theoc.)?Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation unclear, improbable Bechtel Dial. 1, 44 (haplological for *ἠλεμόματος). - Difficult is the analysis of the verbs ἀλλο-φρονέω `be senseless' (Hom., Hdt.) and ἀλλο-φάσσω `to be delirious' (Hp.). Acc. to Fick, followed by Bechtel Lex. s. ἀλλοφρονέω, ἠλεός and Leumann Hom. Wörter 116 n. 82, the 1. member has an Aeolic variant of ἠλεός, i. e. *ἆλλος \< *ἀ̄λι̯ος (from where the vok. *ἆλλε = ἠλέ Ο 128); cf. ἀλεό-φρων above. Later it was derived from ἄλλος (thus Hdt. 7, 205). As the medical expression ἀλλοφάσσω cannot be Aeolic, it must have been formed after ἀλλοφρονέω or contain the pronom. ἄλλος; s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 309 n. 82. Formed like ἐνεός, κενεός, ἐτεός a. o., ἠλεός recalls ἠλάσκω, ἀλάομαι, but further has no cognate. Not to Dor. *ἀ̄λεά (WP. 1, 88, after Prellwitz BB 20, 303) in Lat. ālea `game with dices'. - The variants ἠλεός, ἀλαιός (H.) point to a noun in - ay-(os), with ay \> ey \> e; Beekes, Pre-Greek, suffixes s.v. 6. αι\/ει. Also the suffix - ιθ- is Pre-Greek (Beekes, Pre-Greek suff.) The form αλλ(ο)- seems derived from *aly(o)- with palatal. -l- which gave λλ; but I do not know what the relation was between ālay- and āly-. Or does it derive from * alyo-, a reduced form of *ālayo-? I have no opinion on ἠλεματος.Page in Frisk: 1,629-630Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἠλεός
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6 ἀνήρ
ἀνήρ, ἀνδρόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `man' (Il.).Other forms: acc. ἄνδρα (Hom. also ἀνέρα, from where ἀνέρος etc.; on the inflexion s. Schwyzer 568β). Atano s. belowCompounds: As first member ἀνδρο-: - κμητος, κτασία; ἀνδραποδον s.v. - As second member - ήνωρ: ῥηξ-, φθεισ- (Hom.); in PN 'Aγ-, Myc. Atano \/Antānōr\/; fem. ἀντι-άνειρα, κυδι-. With - ανδρος: ἄν-, ἕλ-; PN esp. in Asia Minor and Cyprus: ` Ηγησ-, Τερπ-; Hom. Άλεξ-. For the question whether this name is really Greek cf. Myc. arekasadara \/Aleksandrā\/, kesadara \/Kessandrā\/ (note that Myc. -e- shows that this is a substr. name). So the forms are already Myc., but it is still not excluded that they are of non-Greek origin (s. Sommer Nominalkomp. 160ff.) - Kuiper MAWNed. NR. 14: 5 thinks that - ήνωρ and νῶρ-οψ contain an old abstract *ἄνερ, *ἄναρ `vital energy' (IE * h₂ner-; also in Skt. sū-nára- etc.).Derivatives: Demin. ἀνδρίον (Com.); from here, with unclear ντ-Suffix, ἀνδριάς, - άντος `statue' (Pi.), cf. Kretschmer Glotta 14, 84ff., Schwyzer 526: 3 u. 4. ἀνδρ(ε)ών m. `man's apartment' (Hdt.). -Abstracts: ἀνδρεία (- ηίη, - ία) `manliness, courage' (A.); ἀνδροτής, - τῆτος s.s.v. ἠνορέη `id.', Ion. for Aeol. ἀ̄νορέα (\< - ρία), (Kretschmer Glotta 24, 245f.), from a compound (cf. εὑανορία Pi.), s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 109f., 123 m. Lit.; - Adjec.: ἀνδρεῖος (Ion. ἀνδρήϊος, cf. Chantr. Form. 52, Schwyzer 468: 3) `manly, courageous', ἀνδρόμεος `human' (Il.; - μεος = Skt. - maya-?).Etymology: ἀνήρ is identical with Arm. ayr, gen. ar̄n `man', Skt. nā́ (stem nar-), NPhryg. αναρ, Ital. ner- in Osc. ner-um `virorum', Lat. Sab. Ner-ō etc. (s. W.-Hofmann s. neriōsus), W. ner `chief', Alb. njer `man'. - Not here Hitt. innar-, in innarau̯atar etwa `(Lebens)kraft, hoheitliche Macht'. - On δρώψ s.s.v. ἄνθρωπος. - Cf. νωρει̃.Page in Frisk: 1,107-108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀνήρ
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7 ἀνδρός
ἀνήρ, ἀνδρόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `man' (Il.).Other forms: acc. ἄνδρα (Hom. also ἀνέρα, from where ἀνέρος etc.; on the inflexion s. Schwyzer 568β). Atano s. belowCompounds: As first member ἀνδρο-: - κμητος, κτασία; ἀνδραποδον s.v. - As second member - ήνωρ: ῥηξ-, φθεισ- (Hom.); in PN 'Aγ-, Myc. Atano \/Antānōr\/; fem. ἀντι-άνειρα, κυδι-. With - ανδρος: ἄν-, ἕλ-; PN esp. in Asia Minor and Cyprus: ` Ηγησ-, Τερπ-; Hom. Άλεξ-. For the question whether this name is really Greek cf. Myc. arekasadara \/Aleksandrā\/, kesadara \/Kessandrā\/ (note that Myc. -e- shows that this is a substr. name). So the forms are already Myc., but it is still not excluded that they are of non-Greek origin (s. Sommer Nominalkomp. 160ff.) - Kuiper MAWNed. NR. 14: 5 thinks that - ήνωρ and νῶρ-οψ contain an old abstract *ἄνερ, *ἄναρ `vital energy' (IE * h₂ner-; also in Skt. sū-nára- etc.).Derivatives: Demin. ἀνδρίον (Com.); from here, with unclear ντ-Suffix, ἀνδριάς, - άντος `statue' (Pi.), cf. Kretschmer Glotta 14, 84ff., Schwyzer 526: 3 u. 4. ἀνδρ(ε)ών m. `man's apartment' (Hdt.). -Abstracts: ἀνδρεία (- ηίη, - ία) `manliness, courage' (A.); ἀνδροτής, - τῆτος s.s.v. ἠνορέη `id.', Ion. for Aeol. ἀ̄νορέα (\< - ρία), (Kretschmer Glotta 24, 245f.), from a compound (cf. εὑανορία Pi.), s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 109f., 123 m. Lit.; - Adjec.: ἀνδρεῖος (Ion. ἀνδρήϊος, cf. Chantr. Form. 52, Schwyzer 468: 3) `manly, courageous', ἀνδρόμεος `human' (Il.; - μεος = Skt. - maya-?).Etymology: ἀνήρ is identical with Arm. ayr, gen. ar̄n `man', Skt. nā́ (stem nar-), NPhryg. αναρ, Ital. ner- in Osc. ner-um `virorum', Lat. Sab. Ner-ō etc. (s. W.-Hofmann s. neriōsus), W. ner `chief', Alb. njer `man'. - Not here Hitt. innar-, in innarau̯atar etwa `(Lebens)kraft, hoheitliche Macht'. - On δρώψ s.s.v. ἄνθρωπος. - Cf. νωρει̃.Page in Frisk: 1,107-108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀνδρός
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8 ἐντός
Grammatical information: adv. and prep.Meaning: `inside' (Il.).Derivatives: ἔντοσθε(ν), rare ἔντοθεν (after ἔνδοθεν, ἔκτοθεν etc.) `(from) inside' (ep. Ion., Il.;) with ἐντόσθια and ἐντοσθίδια n. pl. `intestines' (Hp., Arist.; cf. Chantraine Formation 39), with the adj. ἐντόσθιος, - ίδιος `of the intestines' (medic. a. o.); cf. below. - Comparative ἐντότερος `inner' (LXX).Etymology: With Lat. intus `(from) inside' identical; IE formation in - tos (e. g. Skt. i-táḥ `from here', Lat. peni-tus `[from] inside') to the adverb *en; s. ἔν. Cf. ἐκτός. - ἐντόσθια not with Vendryes REGr. 23, 74 from *ἐντόστια (after ἔντοσθε) = Skt. antastya- n. `intestines'; the word belongs to Skt. antár `inside' (s. ἔντερον) with regular replacement of -r by -s- in sandhi before suffix - tya-.Page in Frisk: 1,525Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐντός
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9 ἄφενος
Grammatical information: n.Other forms: m. (after πλοῦτος, Fehrle Phil Woch. 46, 700f).Compounds: εὐηφενής (Il.; the better attested v. l. εὐηγενής is hardly correct; Bechtel, Lex.); also in the PN Δι-, Κλε-, Τιμ-αφένης.Derivatives: (with loss of vowel and remarkable final stress) ἀφνειός (Il.), later ἀφνεός `rich' (Il.). From here retrograde ἄφνος n. (Pi. Fr. 219).Etymology: Uncertain. The connection with Skt. ápnas- n. `possessions, riches' (Bréal MSL 13, 382f.; cf. ὄμπνη; also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73, 515) is now generally rejected (also as * apsnos). - The word was one of the corner stones of the Pelasgian theory, which can now be abandoned (also Heubeck's variant, the Minoan-Minyan language: Praegraeca 70). The agreement with Hitt. happina(nt)- `rich', is remarkable. The postulated verb hap-(zi) is improbable (Puhvel HED 3, 124f). The Hittite word could be IE (Szemerényi Glotta 33, 1954, 275 - 282). Puhvel's h₁op- is impossible ( h₁- disappears in Hittite); but Lat. opulentus \< * op-en-ent- is improbable: - ulentus is a frequent suffix in Latin, and - ant is very productive in Hittite so that it cannot be projected back into PIE; with it disappears the explanation of - ulentus (I also doubt the dissmilation n - nt, with t after the second n; there are other difficulties in the theory, as the author indicated); the - en- has no clear function and is not found elsewhere after op-; thus the connection of opulentus with the Hittite word disappears. - Irene Balles (HS 110, 1997) starts from *n̥-gʷʰn-o-, parallel to - io- in Skt. ághnyā- `(the valuable animal which is) not to be killed'. (She explains the adj., and the accent, from *n̥gʷʰn-es-o- \> ἀφνεό-, with metrical lengthening in Homer). But she has to explain the full grade from analogy after σθένος, which is improbable; the whole construction is not convincing. - The Greek word is rather IE (cf. archaic εὐηφενής). For Greek a root * h₂bʰen- is the obvious reconstruction. The accent and the form ἀφνεός may be explained following Balles: *h₂bʰnes-ó-, with ablaut as in ἄλγος - ἀλεγεινός (metr. lengthening in Homer is probable as *ἀφνεοιο is impossible in the hexameter and *ἀφνεος, -ν etc. are difficult). Thus the word seem perfectly IE. It cannot be connected with the Hittite word (reading *ḫpina- is doubtful). A loan from Anatolian would have κ-, the φ would be unclear, the s-stem, and the adjective.Page in Frisk: 1,195Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄφενος
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10 κεῖμαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `lie, be somewhere, happen etc.' (Il.).Other forms: 3. sg. κεῖται, 3. pl. κέαται, Att. κεῖνται, inf. κεῖσθαι etc. (further forms in Schwyzer 679; sehr unsicher myk. ke-ke-me-na)Dialectal forms: Myc. ke-ke-me-na uncertain.Compounds: very often with prefix in diff. meanings, ἀνά-, κατά-, παρά-, ἔγ-, ἔκ-, ἐπί-, σύγ-κειμαι etc.Derivatives: 1. κοῖτος m. `layer, bed, sleep' (Od.), κοίτη f. `id., matrim. bed, nest, parcel, lot' (Od.); often in compp., e. g. ἀπό-, σύγ-, ἡμερό-κοιτος, ἀ-, παρα-κοίτης (cf. on ἀκοίτης). From κοῖτος, κοίτη: κοιτίς f. `box' (Men., J.; cf. Schwyzer 127) with κοιτίδιον `id.' (sch.); κοιτάριον `bed' (sch.); κοιτών m. `sleeping room' (Ar. Fr. 6, hell.) with κοιτώνιον, - ωνίσκος, - ωνίτης, ωνικός ; κοιτατήριον `id.' (Cyrene; cf. ἑστιατήριον s. ἑστία); κοιταῖος `lying on the layer' (Decr. ap. D. 18, 37, Plb.), κοιτάριος `belonging to the bed' ( Edict. Diocl.). Denomin. verb κοιτάζομαι `lay down, nest' (Pi., hell.), - άζω `bring to rest, lay down', also `partition the land' (from κοίτη `parcel'), hell. From here κοιτασία `living together' (LXX), κοιτασμός `folding the cattle' (pap.). - 2. *κοίμη or *κοῖμος with denomin. κοιμάω `lay to rest, put to bed', κοιμάομαι `go to bed' (Il.); from there κοίμησις `lay down, sleep (of death)' (Pl., LXX, NT), κοίμημα `sleep, sleeping with' (S.), κοιμη-τήριον `sleeping room, restplace, burying-place' (inscr.); also κοιμίζω = κοιμάω with κοίμισις, - ισμός, - ιστής, - ιστικός; rater reshaped from κοιμάω. - 3. κειμήλιον n. `valuables, precious thing' (Il.), secondary - ιοι Pl. m. (f.) (Pl. Lg. 931a; apposition of πατέρες η μητέρες); ηλ-derivation of a neuter *κεῖμα (Frisk Eranos 38, 42 a. 41, 52). In the same meaning κεμήλιον (Alc. G 1, 8)? Specht KZ 68, 145 (after *θεμήλιον, θέμηλα); but s. on κεμάς. - Cf. also κῶμα and κώμη. - Verbal derivv.: iterative ( παρε)- κέσκετο (ξ 521, φ 41); desiderative or future forms κείω, κειέμεν, κείοντες etc.; late lengthening κατεκείαθεν κατεκοιμήθη H. (after Hom. μετεκίαθεν); further details in Schwyzer 679, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 322 und 453.Etymology: An exact agreement of the athematic present κεῖται gives Indo-Iranian in Skt. śéte, Av. saēte `lies'; further Hitt. kitta, -ri; uncertain Lyc. sijęni `id.' (Pedersen Lykisch und Hittitisch 17f.). The nominalen t- and m-formations are also found outside Greek: Bret. argud `light sleep' \< *are-ḱoi-to-; Germ., e. g. Goth. haims `village, Heim', Latv. sàime `family', Lith. šeimýna `id.', OCS sěmьja `id.', prob. also Celt., e. g. OIr. cōim `dear'. Other derivv. of the verb in Lat. cīvis, Germ., e. g. Goth. heiwa-frauja `lord of the house', Skt. śéva- `trusty, friendly, dear' as in Arm. sēr `love' with sirem `love'. - Further Pok. 539f., W.-Hofmann s. cīvis. - The verb has full grade in the middle with static inflection: Skt. śay-e, pl. śe-re, without -t-.Page in Frisk: 1,809-810Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεῖμαι
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11 ἅπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `join, fasten, grasp; kindle' (Il.).Other forms: mostly med.Derivatives: ἁφή `the kindling, the touching, the grip etc.' (Hdt.); from here, or as deverb., ἀφάω `handle' only pres. (Il.) - ἅψις `handling' (Hp.); ἅψος n. `join', pl. `joints' (Od.; Chantr. Form. 421); ἅμμα `noose, cord' (Hp.) - ἁψίς, - ῖδος f. `loop, mesh'- Perhaps also ἄφθα, αὑαψή, χορδαψός s.s.vv.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. Cf. Kretschmers Glotta 7, 352. Wrong Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 28 (from *ἅπϜω to Av. āfǝnte). vW. connects ἰάπτω. Szemerényi Gnomon 43 (1971) 656 connects `fasten' with Lat. apiō and `kindle' with Gm. sengen, OCS prě-sǫčiti `dry' from * senkʷ-. Fur. 324, 353 ( ἕμμα!) takes ἀφάω as evidence for Pre-Greek (but it may be derived from ἁφή). On ἅψος and Armenian forms s. Clackson 98ff.Page in Frisk: 1,126-127Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἅπτω
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12 ἁρπάζω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `snatch away' (Il.).Derivatives: ἅρπαξ f. `plunder' (Hes.), m. `robber' (Ar.); ἁρπαγή `robbery' (Sol.), ἁρπάγη `hook, rake' (E.); ἅρπαγος m. `hook' (A.); from here Lat. LW [loanword] harpagō `hook' (Plaut.), harpaga, harpax `rapacious'. - ἁρπακτήρ m. `robber' (Il.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: ἁρπάζω seems a denominative to a stem ἁρπαγ-. This may be based on ἅρπ- (from which ἁρπάζω can have been derived directly, s. Schwyzer 734); this is perhaps found in ἅρπη `sickle', and a bird of prey. - Cf. ἅρπυς, ἅρπυια, ἁρπαλέος. (Connection with ἐρέπτομαι, Szemerényi Syncope 210ff., is impossible because of the ἐ-.) No cognates. The suffix - αγ- cannot be explained from PIE; forms with it seem substr. words (Chantr. Form. 397). ἁρπ- too can hardly be explained from an IE form; *sr̥p- would have given ῥαπ-.Page in Frisk: 1,148-149Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἁρπάζω
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13 γλῶσσα
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `tongue, language' (Il.), `rare, dialectal word' (Arist.).Compounds: γλώσσ-αργος `garrulous' (Pi.), from γλώσσ-αλγος `id.'; from here στόμαργος, s. Strömberg Wortstudien 31; diff. (to ἀργός `quick') Willis AmJPh 63, 87ff.Derivatives: γλωσσάριον (Dsc., pap.), γλωσσίδιον (Zen.); γλώσσημα `point of an arrow' (A.) retains the original meaning; s. Chantr. Form. 186), also `rare word' (Quint.), γλωσσηματικός (D. H.); γλωσσώδης `talkative' (LXX), γλωσσός `id.' (Hdn.); γλωσσίς `inflammation of the tongue' (Hippiatr.). - γλωττίς `end of a pipe, glottis' (Hero), also a bird (Arist., s. Thompson Birds s. v.); γλωττικός (Arist.); denom. γλωττίζω `kiss with the tongue', γλωττισμός (AP).Origin: see γλῶχ-εςEtymology: Prop. "with point", ια-derivation from γλῶχ-ες, q.v. Ion. γλάσσα prob. from a paradigm *γλωχ-, *γλαχ- which is explained as nom. *glōgʰ-s, gen. *gl̥gʰ-ós. (Beekes, Devel. 246. - The old word for `tongue' was *dn̥ǵʰuH- (Lat. lingua), Pok. 223).Page in Frisk: 1,315-316Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γλῶσσα
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14 εἴκοσι
Grammatical information: num.Meaning: `twenty'.Compounds: As 1. member often εἰκοσα-, e. g. ἐεικοσάβοιος `worth twenty cows' (Od.; after ἑπτα-, τετρα- etc.). On εἰκοσινήριτος Χ 349 s. νήριτος.Derivatives: εἰκοσάκις `twenty times' (Il.), εἰκοσάς f. `twenty pieces' (late; cf. εἰκάς below), ( ἐ)εἰκοστός (Boeot. Ϝικαστός) `the tentieth' (Il.); f. εἰκοστή `the twentieth' with εἰκοσταῖος `belonging to the 20. day' (Hp.; as δευτεραῖος a. o.); - also εἰκάς f., Dor. ἰκάς, Ther. hικάς `thenumber twenty, the 20th day of the month' (Hes.), after δεκάς, τριακάς etc. (not with Schwyzer 597 original formtion to ( ἐ)ἴκατι); from here εἰκαδεῖς the members of a society, that met on the 20th, eponymous founder Εἰκαδεύς (Athens; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 71 a. 180, v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 368 n. 1), εἰκαδισταί surame of the Epicureans (Ath.), cf. δεκαδισταί to δεκάς (s. δέκα).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1177] *du̯i-dkm̥t-iH `twenty'Etymology: Hom. ἐείκοσι for ἐ-(Ϝ)ί̄κοσι (wit prothetic vowel from the glottalic feature of the *d-; Korlandt, MSS 42 (1983)97-104); graphically influenced by kontracted εἴκοσι; thus Herakl. Ϝείκατι. The ο-vowel in εἴκοσι from εἰκοστός (diff. Meillet MSL 16, 217ff.; s. Schwyzer 344), this after τριακοστός etc. with - ο- after τριάκοντα etc. - PGr. (ʔ)Ϝί̄κατι, (ʔ)Ϝῑκαστός (= Dor., Boeot.), as in Av. vīsaiti. Skt. viṃśatí- f. with secondary nasalisation and i-flexion, and sec. stress (Schulze KZ 28, 277 n. 1 = Kl. Schr. 99 n. 3; cf. Schwyzer 381), Lat. vīgintī with sec. g; IE *ʔu̯i-ʔḱm̥t-ī̆ prop. du. `two dekades' (from *-dḱm̥t-), to IE *du̯i- `two' and δέκα, s. v. and ἑκατόν. - Details Schwyzer 591, Wackernagel-Debrunner Aind. Gramm. 3, 366f., W.-Hofmann s. vīgintī.Page in Frisk: 1,453-454Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εἴκοσι
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15 θρώσκω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `spring, leap upon, rush, dart' (Il.);Other forms: θρῴσκω, Schwyzer 710, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 317), aor. θορεῖν, fut. θοροῦμαι (Il.), ἔθρωξα (Opp.), perf. ptc. f. τεθορυίης (Antim. 65); after θορεῖν the pres. θόρνυμαι (Hdt. 3, 109, [S.] Fr. 1127, 9, Nic. Th. 130) for original θάρνυσθαι = κυΐσκεσθαι (H.; thematic θαρνεύει ὀχεύει; s. also on θρέομαι),Derivatives: 1. From θρω-: θρωσμός ( θρῳσμός) `springing, rising' (Κ 160, Λ 56 = Υ 3; A. R. 2, 823; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 239); θρῶσις `cord, line' (Theognost., H.). 2. From the aorist: θορός m. (Hdt., Hp., Arist.), θορή f. (Hdt., Alcmaion) `mascul. seed', prop. "springer" or "jumper" (cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 88, Schwyzer 459); from there θορικός `belonging to the seed' (Arist.), θοραῖος `containing seed etc.' (Nic., Lyc.), θορώδης `id.' (Gal.), θορόεις `consisting of seed' (Opp.); denomin. verb θορίσκομαι `receive semen' (Ant. Lib.; cf. κυΐσκομαι). - On θοῦρος s. v.Etymology: The only certain comparison gives MIr. dairim `leap upon' with the nouns der `young girl' (\< * dherā), Welsh - derig `rutty' (Fick 2, 142, Loth Rev. celt. 41, 378f.). On the ablaut cf. βλώσκω, μολεῖν, μολοῦμαι (s. v.), and s. Schwyzer 696 and 747. The root was * dʰerh₃-; * dʰrh₃- giving θρω- before consonant, θαρ- before vowel; θορή contains old -o: * dʰorh₃-; the form with θαρν(ευ-) goes back on an old nasal present, * dʰr-n-(e)h₃- which would have given *θαρνω-μι. The fut. θορέομαι may go back with metathesis on *θερο- \< * dʰerh₃- (Ruiperez, Emerita 18 (1950) 386-407); the aorist will have its vocalism from here.Page in Frisk: 1,689Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρώσκω
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16 λίς 2
λίς 2Grammatical information: adj.Derivatives: Beside it 1. acc. sg. (also taken as pl.) λῖτ--α, dat. λιτ-ί `smooth (simple(?) linen' (Hom.). 2. λῑτός `simple' (IVa), λίτως (Alc. F 7, 2; connection unknown) with λιτότης f. `simpleness' (Democr. 274, Thphr.). - 3. λισσός (Crete IIIa, also GN), f. λισσή (Od.), λισσάς, Boeot. λιττάς (Corinn., A., E., Theoc., A. R.) `smooth, callow', also metaph. `naked, insolvent' (Crete); from here λισσόομαι in [λισ]σωθέντων ptc. `becoming insolvent' (Crete IIIa) and in λίσσωμα `bald spot on the skull', λίσσωσις `becoming bald, baldheadedness' (Arist.); cf. λισσούς δεομένους. καὶ τοὺς ἡσυχῆ φαλακρούς H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: On λισσάνιος s. v. These words must be explained as follows acc. to Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 88ff.. The basis was the τ-stem λι-τ- in λί-ς and in the substantives λῖτ-α, λιτ-ί. Thematic enlargement gave λιτ-ό-ς; beside it a ια-deriv. in fem. *λῖσσα (from *λῖτ-ι̯α), with (through the orig. ablauting gen. λισσῆς) a new nom. λισσή with masc. λισσός. With λίς: λῖσσα cf. e.g. θής: θῆσσα, Κρής: Κρῆσσα. - From λίς the form λεῖος can hardly be separated; so λῑ-τ- zero grade to a lengthened grade lēi- (Fraenkel l.c.) or because of its monosyllabicity from *λῐ-τ- lengthned to lei- (cf. Schwyzer 350)? - There is no reason to postulate a separate word λῖτ-α, λιτ-ί `linnen' (s. Bq s. λίνον); s. also Bechtel Lex. s. λίς, λισσός. Uncertain suppositions.Page in Frisk: 2,128-129Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λίς 2
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17 ἔνθεν
ἔνθεν adv. (Hom.+; PFuad I Univ. no. XLI recto, 11; LXX; causal Just. A I, 6, 1; Ath.)① extension from a source relatively near the speaker, from there, from here (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 10 Jac.; TestSol ἔνθεν καὶ ἔ.; JosAs 24:21 cod. A ἔ. κακεῖθεν for ἔμπροσθεν; ApcEsdr 6:6 p. 31, 11 Tdf. al.; Jos., Ant. 4, 323) μετάβα ἔ. (v.l. ἐντεῦθεν) ἐκεῖ move fr. this place to that Mt 17:20; διαβαίνειν ἔ. Lk 16:26.② duration measured fr. a point of time, from then on (Apollon. Rhod. 1, 1138; 2, 713; SibOr 1, 387) 2 Cl 13:3; IEph 19:3.—DELG s.v. ἔνθα. -
18 ἀσκαλώνιον
ἀσκαλώνιον ( κρόμυον)Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `onion from Askalon' (Palestine) (Diocl.).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 125; André, Lexique s.v. Ascalonia. - From here Lat. ascalōnia, from which Fr. échalotte (\> Germ. Schalotte), Eng. scallion.Page in Frisk: 1,163Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσκαλώνιον
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19 θεῖον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `brimstone' (Il., IA).Other forms: ep. θέειον, also θήϊον (χ 493)Compounds: also with δια-, ἐκ-, περι-, `treat with sulphur' (Od., medic.); from here θεώματα τὰ περικαθαρτήρια H.Derivatives: Diminutivum θε(ι)άφιον (H., Tz.; θέαφος Eust.), adj. θειώδης `sulphuric' (Str., medic.), denomin. verb θειόω, θεόω, ep. θεειόω,Etymology: The basic form was θέειον, from where through hyphaeresis θεῖον, through further loss of the ι θεόω, θεάφιον; further through metrical lengthening and suffix-change unique θήϊον. θέειον \< *θϜέσειον is a substantivized adjective from a noun *θϜέσος n. prop. `smoke', formed to a verb for `smoke, breathe (out)' in Lith. dves-iù `expire the soul'. Solmsen Unt. 85ff. (in details diff.). Cf. on θεός and 2. θύω.Page in Frisk: 1,658Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θεῖον
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20 κέρδος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `gain, profit, desire to gain, cunning, wiles' (Il.); in plur. also `good advice' (Hom.).Compounds: rarely as 1, member, e. g. κερδο-φόρος `bringing gain' (Artem.), as 2. member in αἰσχρο-κερδής `full lowly desire to gain, greedy' (IA).Derivatives: Diminutives κερδάριον, κερδύφιον (gloss.); κερδοσύνη `ruse' (Hom., Cleanth. Hymn. 1, 28; Porzig Satzinhalte 226, Wyss - συνη 27), κερδώ f. "the cunning", i. e. `the fox' (Ar., Babr.); Κέρδων, - ωνος PN (D., Argolis; from here Lat. cerdō `ordinary artisan'), also Κερδέων surn. of Hermes and Κερδείη Πειθώ (Herod. 7, 74); Κερδῳ̃ος `bringing gain' surn. of Apollon (Thessal., Lyc.; after Λητῳ̃ος), also of Hermes (Plu., Luc.), also from the fox (Babr.); κερδητικός `greedy' (gloss.). - Further κερδαλέος `greedy' (Il.) and κερδαίνω, aor. κερδῆναι, - δᾶναι, - δῆσαι `gain, have profit' (Pi., IA); hardly from an old \/ n-l\/-stem (Schwyzer 484). - Compar. forms κερδίων `more profitable' (Il.), κέρδιστος `the most cunnting' (Hom.), cf. Seiler Steigerungsformen 84.Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [579], PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin] * kerd- `gain, clever, cunning'Etymology: The only connections outside Greek are a few Celtic words: OIr. cerd (IE. * kerdā) `art, handwork', also `aerarius, figulus, poeta', Welsh cerdd `song'. - The doubtful H.-glosse κήρτεα τὰ κέρδη does hardly allow conclusions for the morphology (cf. Schwyzer 512 n. 3). See Bq, and W.-Hofmann s. cerdō; also E. Lewy FS Dornseiff 226f. Sophie Minon conects (RPh. LXXIV (2000) 271 κορδύς πανοῦργος H., which is of course not certain (s.v.). Or do κερδύφιον, κερδώ point to a Pre-Greek word?Page in Frisk: 1,829Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κέρδος
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